Retikular varicose veins - a plexus of small vessels of red, blue, purple color, translucent through the skin. They can occur on the face, stomach, chest, but the most common localization - the lower limbs.
What is reticular varicose veins
In the human body, blood circulates according to arteries, veins, capillaries, veins. Arteries are the largest vessels of the circulatory system. They are connected to the veins. The smallest vessels are veins. On the lower extremities under the skin, surface intermediate venous vessels are noticeable. Their diameter is larger than the diameter of the capillaries, but less the diameter of the trunk veins. Such a venous mesh is called reticular. In other words, reticular veins are small millimeter vessels that are visible under the skin on the legs.
There are valves in each vein. They filter the direction of blood movement and its volume. There is only one valve in the reticular vein. If it is deformed, then the vein is expanded, twisted and conducts a larger volume of blood. Venous pressure in the mesh layer of the skin increases due to blood accumulation in a certain area. Cream deficiency develops and reticular varicose veins form - a plexus of small vessels of red, blue, purple color, translucent through the skin.
In what places are reticulars usually appear
The vascular plexus of small vessels can occur on the face, abdomen, chest, but the most common localization - the lower limbs.
Retikulars on the legs are found:
- On the back surface of the knee joints. Spider webs is observed in young women;
- on the upper part of the legs;
- on the inner surface of the hips;
- Above the ankles.
Causes and risk factors for the development of reticular varicose veins
Most often, the disease is observed in women. The trigger is a violation of hemodynamics. Due to the fact that the valve is deformed, the blood begins to circulate in the opposite direction. The plexus of blood vessels is overwhelmed, and the blood stagnates. Because of this, the walls of the vessels expand, become brighter and more noticeable through the skin.
It can be preceded by this state:
- Hormonal leap. A decrease in estrogens and the growth of progesterone leads to a loss of vein tone and expanding the lumen of blood vessels, rapid blood coagulation, and a decrease in plasma antitrombin. Flobopathy is developing. This process is often observed in pregnant women, as well as in women who take oral contraceptives.
- Heredity. The change in connective tissue is transmitted along the female line, therefore, with varicose veins in a mother or grandmother, the risk of expanding reticular vessels is already at a young age.
- Load load. In people working sitting or standing, the diagnosis is made more often. Retikular varicose veins of both limbs is observed among office workers, accountants, movers, hairdressers, teachers.
- Frequent flights on the plane. With air travel due to jumps in atmospheric pressure, the tone of blood vessels and blood flow in reticulars change.
The development of the disease is aggravated by smoking, obesity, arterial hypertension, second and subsequent pregnancy, intake of corticosteroids, liver cirrhosis, systemic scleroderma.
Signs
The disease at the initial stage proceeds latent. You can suspect the reticular shape of the varicose disease of the lower extremities in cyanotic skin color. Thin veins in the form appear on the legs:
- a tree -like shape (from one base, many vessels branch to the left and right);
- web or stars (vessels depart from the center in different directions);
- Lines (even strips of blood vessels).
Branial veins are especially noticeable at the end of the day after playing sports, lifting weights, a long static position, running or long -distance walks. In the morning, the defect on the legs is invisible.
As the blood flow worsens, concomitant symptoms are aggravated:
- discomfort in the calf muscles. Involuntary cramps occurs suddenly and pass after massage of the limbs;
- severity and fatigue in the legs;
- Burning and itching in the legs and feet.
The clinic manifests itself stronger during menstruation due to an increased blood flow.
The symptoms are faded away after resting with lifted legs. Unlike varicose veins, pain, edema and trophic disorders.
The danger of reticular varicose veins
In many cases, patients do not pay attention to vascular stars and are in no hurry to the doctor. There are practically no symptoms, so women write off the visibility of the veins on a cosmetic defect.
If you do not start treatment at the initial stage, the valve deficiency of deep trunk veins will develop. The reticular varicose veins of BPV tributaries is especially dangerous. A large subcutaneous vein runs along the medial side of the legs and connects to the femoral vein. As the BPV valves deform, varicose disease develops.
With prolonged ignoring the problem, the vascular mesh deepens and the risk of trophic ulcers intensifies.
Methods of diagnosis of the disease
The diagnosis is established by a phlebologist. He examines the patient lying and standing. The doctor needs to distinguish reticular varicose veins from telangiectasia, the initial stage of the mesh lvedo, clippel-teenone syndrome, Maffuchchi syndrome, Bloom syndrome, port stains.
An ultrasound in the duplex mode is prescribed. With the help of ultrasound, the condition of the valves of the veins is evaluated. The diagnosis is established if a violation of reticular blood flow is confirmed, i. e. , there is obstruction and reflux of surface vessels.
Conducted UZDG. Dopplerography shows the direction of blood movement. During scanning, the doctor asks to hold his breath, strangle, simulate walking lying. On the screen, the image of the vessels of green and red is displayed. Red color shows the length of the pathological area, and green - the functionality of the venous valve. The direction and speed of blood movement is indicated.
Treatment of reticular varicose veins
In the treatment of a reticular form of varicose disease at an early stage, the outcome is favorable.
First, a phlebologist prescribes drug therapy to improve blood flow, coupled with compression therapy.
Drug therapyIncludes the intake of venotonics based on rutoside, heparin, troxerutine, diosmin. They adjust the outflow of lymph, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, normalize vascular permeability, increase vein tone, prevent convulsions and development of trophic disorders.
Depending on the number of reticulars, the doctor selectsCompression stockings. With subcutaneous veins on the lower legs, wearing pantyhose of therapeutic action is recommended. If spider webs on the back of the knees appeared, bandaging with an elastic bandage or wearing compression tights of class A.
If the number of reticulars increases and the vascular mesh is noticeable even after rest, then they begin to treat the lower extremities with the hardware method.
Laser therapyIt consists in the influence of a beam of light on a vascular plexus. The laser heats the vein, due to which the inner surface of the vessel is destroyed. Blood ceases to flow through this vein. To achieve the result, you need to pass 2-3 procedures with an interval of 2-3 weeks. After processing 12 hours, you can not load the limb, sunbathe in the sun, take a shower and go to the bathhouse. Laser coagulation has a drawback. If the doctor will affect the same site for a long time, you can get a burn. The method is effective for blood vessels less than 1 mm.
With the expansion of veins by more than 3 mm, it is prescribedsclerotherapy. It consists in introducing a special sclerosant into the lumen of the vein under the control of ultrasound. The substance glues the walls, due to which blood supply to the pathological area ceases. For the treatment of intradermal varicose veins, a substance in the form of foam is used. The procedure is painless, because injections are made by the finest needles. Perhaps burning at the time of administration of the drug. After injection, a tight bandage is pulled. Taking a cool shower and removing compression linen is allowed the same day.
Microflebectomy is not performed with a reticular type of disease.
Treatment will not be effective if you do not eliminate the root cause. Oboor people need to adjust the weight to reduce the load on the legs. Office workers need to pause, get up and take a walk every hour. Fans of high -heeled shoes should wear comfortable shoes with a wide block and height of the heel of not more than 5 cm.
Treatment of reticular varicose veins in the doctor’s clinic:
Endovasal laser coagulation (Evvk)
If you have varicose veins, then this does not mean that you will have to do the operation! New medical technologies allow you to get rid of this ailment without surgical intervention.
Sclerotherapy
Sclerotherapy is a methodology for the treatment of varicose veins by introducing sclerosant (special medicine) into the affected veins.
Echo-sclerotherapy
The technique is used in cases where it is necessary to "stock up" large veins.
Foam-form sclerotherapy
Foam-form technology (foam sclerotherapy) is used to "bond" varicose veins with a diameter of up to 6 mm.
Film sclerotherapy
The latest and unique method of combating varicose vessels of any size.
Adhesive prison Venaseal
Non -surgical treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins using Venaseal biocles.
Prevention
If there is a hereditary predisposition to the development of the disease, it is recommended to do simple exercises daily to maintain peripheral blood circulation:
- in a position lying down the legs on the wall and hold vertically for 5-10 minutes;
- In the morning after waking up, "scroll the bicycle" and make swings to the right and right on top of each other;
- walk still, while you can not tear the heels from the floor;
- In the position of lying down, raise your legs and rotate with your feet;
- After lifting from the bed, make ten rifts from the toe to the heel and from the heel to the toe.
Each exercise must be done 10-15 times daily.
To maintain a normal blood flow, do not sit on the leg. If the work is sedentary, then you should put a roller under your feet and keep them on top.
A contrast shower tones the vessels in the morning, but you need to start gradually. Every day you need to adjust the temperature by 1-2 degrees.
If there are single extensions, to prevent the massive appearance of varicose veins will help the rejection of salted products. It is worth limiting the consumption of smoked meats, marinades, pickles.